Availability of data and materials Data from the Heinz-Nixdorf Recall study are not publicly available, but can be obtained by filling a request for data use and explaining the aim of the planned analyses ( Abbreviations 3OH: Trans-3-hydroxy CPD: Cigarettes per day HNR: Heinz-Nixdorf Recall Study IQR: Interquartile range ISCO: International Standard Classification of Occupations ISEI: International Socio-Economic Index of occupational status R 2 : R-square SES: Socioeconomic status References Van der Heyden JHA, Schaap MM, Kunst AE, Esnaola S, Borrell C, Cox B, et al

SURGERY If an infection does not go away with the usual medical treatment, or if a child has many ear infections over a short period of time, their provider may recommend ear tubes: If a child more than 6 months old has had 3 or more ear infections within 6 months or more than 4 ear infections within a 12-month period If a child less than 6 months old has had 2 ear infections in a 6- to 12-month period or 3 episodes in 24 months If the infection does not go away with medical treatment In this procedure, a tiny tube is inserted into the eardrum, keeping open a small hole that allows air to get in so fluids can drain more easily (myringotomy)
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much heat; and we would dress ourselves in flimsy things, and go out, and, half-an-hour after we had started, it would commence to rain hard, and a bitterly cold wind would spring up, and both would keep on steadily for the whole day, and we would come home with colds and rheumatism all over us, and go to bed