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Iron Overload: Smoking may cause excess iron accumulation in the liver, further fueling oxidative damage and tissue injury

This risk is even higher for heavy smokers or those who have smoked for many years

Smoking remains a leading cause of heart disease, stroke, chronic lung disease, and various cancersincluding those of the mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, colon, pancreas, and liver

This direct exposure damages cells and increases the likelihood of mutations that can lead to cancer.The Nature Communications study highlighted that even moderate use of chewing tobacco over time can result in precancerous lesions and a faster progression to malignant tumors compared to cigarette smoking