1 According to ScienceDirect, a hazard ratio compares the risk to those exposed to a situation or intervention to those not exposeda hazard ratio of 1 means lack of association, therefore, no correlation between exposure and risk 2
Mayer Jr O, Simon J, Rosolova H
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Although the state attorneys general would force the tobacco industry to shut down the Council in the late-1990s and publish corrective advertisements acknowledging that smoking causes cancer, these manufacturers, led by Philip Morris International, now portray themselves as veritable pharmaceutical companies offering not just their ever-profitable cigarette brands but also a range of smoke-free, reduced harm products touted by hirelings from academia, the World Health Organization, the Food and Drug Administration, and the American Legacy Foundationas if addiction to nicotine were just a minor side effect