glp-1 nmda Nature: Dual-active molecules targeting GLP-1R and receptors exhibit superior anti-obesity effects PDB-101: Molecule of the Month:

The absence of IGF-1 elevation and glucose metabolism impairment represents a significant safety advantage for long-term applications

Among these metabolites, SCFAs (primarily acetate, propionate, and butyrate) act as critical signaling molecules linking microbial fermentation with host energy regulation

To refine their therapeutic role, future studies should conduct larger trials with metabolic stratification, exploring biomarkers for predicting treatment response, and evaluating combined interventions involving diet and exercise

The 2021 Nature Communications study demonstrated that aged mice (22 months old) treated with MOTS-c doubled their running capacity and outperformed untreated middle-aged mice (Reynolds et al