Se concentration in serum decreases in inflammatory conditions and may vary depending on the severity and duration of the inflammatory process
doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.031 36 WangXWuQLiuAAnadnARodrguezJ-LMartnez-LarraagaM-Ret al
However, in some instances, paradoxically, binding of the antibodies at subneutralizing concentrations to non-critical sites of the virion can result in non-neutralization of the virion that may lead to virion entry and invasion into certain cell types via antibody Fc region present on the carboxyl-terminal domain of antibody with Fc gamma receptor IIa (FcRIIa)-expressing phagocytic cells like the monocytes, macrophages, or through interaction with complement receptors contributing in the enhancement of infection, a process known as antibody-dependent enhancement 37,38,39,40,41 during these instances, the binding of antibodies to these non-critical sites leaves the virus with retainment of its infectivity 37
Some preclinical data suggests BPC-157 demonstrates oral bioavailability, but direct comparisons between oral and injectable delivery in humans have not been established through published clinical trials