Decaf coffee does provide beneficial polyphenols, and there's a variety of health benefits that we've already discussed, but if you're looking for this documented ergogenic physical performance enhancement, caffeine itself is necessary
The 2025 Brunel study is valuable because it used rigorous methodology and represented true independent replication
We have recently shown that the collateral sensitivity of resistant cells to these drugs is dependent on P-gp expression and activity, whereby stimulation of its ATPase activity triggers a rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to heightened oxidative cell death of resistance cells [14,15,16,17]
However, careful analysis of epidemiological evidence strongly suggests that the perceived increase in ASD since 1980 is real, at least in part, and not entirely due to artificial inflation [35]