Apart from phenotypic transformation of endothelial cells into a prothrombotic platform, UA appears to promote vascular thrombosis via effects on coagulation cascade, as well
Melanotan 1, is typically injected or administered as an implant, and binds to the melanocortin receptors 1, 3, 4, and 5 (MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, MC5R), with a strong effect on MC1R, leading to increased melanin production and tanning in test subjects [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Other conditions may affect your ability to take metformin
To which extent the toxicity is driven by metal-intrinsic properties, differential genetic predisposition or by the gene expression profile of the different cell types is difficult to address