Abbreviations AD: Alzheimer Disease Akt: Protein Kinase B AMPK: AMP-activated Protein Kinase BMI: Body Mass Index BDNF: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor cAMP: Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate CNS: Central Nervous System CREB: CAMP Response Element-Binding Protein DATSPECT: Dopamine Transporter Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography DRS2: Dementia Rating Scale-2 FDGPET: Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography GDNF: Glial Cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor GIP: Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide GIPR: Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor GLP1: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 GLP1RA: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c IL6: Interleukin-6 IRS1: Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 LED: Levodopa Equivalent Dose MADRS: Montgomery-sberg Depression Rating Scale MDSUPDRS: Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale MPPT: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mTOR: Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin NFKB: Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of Activated B Cells NMSS: Non-Motor Symptoms Scale PD: Parkinsons Disease PGC1: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase PT320: Sustained-Release Formulation of Exenatide ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species SNpc: Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta T2D: Type 2 Diabetes TNF: Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha TrkB: Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B UPDRS: Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale References De Pablo-Fernandez E, Courtney R, Holton JL, Warner TT
5.2 Lifestyle modifications in CKD management 5.2.1 Dietary interventions Limiting the intake of sodium, protein, phosphorus, and potassium is generally recommended in patients with CKD, while foods rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals are greatly advised (Yang et al., 2018
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Regular Exercise: Physical activities boost antioxidant defenses and improve overall health
